Untreated and untreated otitis media can lead to permanent holes in the eardrum, hearing loss, dizziness and foul-smelling ear discharge. While small holes in the eardrum can often close on their own, larger holes require surgical intervention. Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves repairing or reconstructing the membrane (tympanic membrane) in the middle ear. Tympanoplasty is usually performed to correct hearing loss caused by perforation or damage to the membrane or to prevent recurrent middle ear infections.This procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia and different techniques may be used depending on the surgeon's preference, the degree of damage and the patient's condition. Tympanoplasty is a delicate surgery performed under a surgical microscope and should be performed by experienced specialists. The recovery period after tympanoplasty can vary from person to person, but usually takes a few weeks. During the recovery period, the patient's hearing and middle ear health improves. Complications after surgery are rare, but problems such as infection or hearing loss can occur. Therefore, regular otolaryngology check-ups are important in the post-surgical period.